Acid And Alkaline Pretreatment Of Lignocellulosic Biomass To Produce Ethanol As Biofuel

Ethanol obtained from biomass has potential to become an important sustainable transportation fuel in the near future. Renewable energy sources, such as lignocellulosic biomass, are environmentally friendly because they emit less pollution without contributing net carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Among kinds of biomass, lignocellulosic biomass is a very useful feedstock to economically produce environmentally friendly biofuels. The main goal of the research described in this paper is to investigate the process of pretreated biomass, effect of inhibitors and ethanol fermentation as an efficient bio fuel source for the society, as well as to examine whether it is used and beneficial for the society, which helps to control the global warming. Processing of lignocellulosic biomass to ethanol consists of four major operations: (a) Pretreatment (b) Acid or enzymatic hydrolysis (c) Fermentation and (d) Ethanol separation/purification. In this paper alkali and acid method of pretereatment was used to examine their effect on ethanol production. Effective parameters such as pH, Nutrient media and sugar concentration also effected the enzymatic growth and production of ethanol from lignocellulosic biomasses. Production of ethanol from agricultural and forestry residues, municipal solid waste, energy crops, and other forms of lignocellulosic biomass could improve energy security, reduce trade deficits, decrease urban air pollution, and contribute little, if any, net carbon dioxide accumulation to the atmosphere. The use of production of ethanol is more beneficial and economical because most of the lignocellulosic agricultural wastes are converted in to ethanol as biofuel in urban areas. Biofuels should ideally create the environmental, economic and social benefits to the communities in India, but modification in process and car engine should be needed. Bioethanol is also made from different Algal biomass in the terms of third generation of biofuel. In fact, not only are they environmentally friendly, but they have also been shown to get just as good of gas mileage as petroleum based fuels. It will eventually totally replace petroleum fuels, but that remains to be seen. Ethanol is made from agricultural wastes is less polluting than diesel and oil based fuels, and gets better gas mileage than many of the alternatives.